---
title: It went very much against the grain, one could see, but after some e… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: It went very much against the grain, one could see, but after some efforts the old fellow had his head on the grass and his heels in the air; the whacking and the ‘Hurrah’ were rather feeble, but Jesper was not very exacting, and the hare was handed over. Who acts: head, one, old fellow, whacking. A
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, Jesper Who Herded the Hares, sentence 130

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It went very much against the grain, one could see, but after some efforts the old fellow had his head on the grass and his heels in the air; the whacking and the ‘Hurrah’ were rather feeble, but Jesper was not very exacting, and the hare was handed over.

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**Who acts:** head, one, old fellow, whacking, Jesper · **What happens:** go, see, have, be, not exact, hand over · **To what, where:** grain, head, grass, hare

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jesper Who Herded the Hares. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (head, one, old fellow, whacking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:24:130
# text = It went very much against the grain, one could see, but after some efforts the old fellow had his head on the grass and his heels in the air; the whacking and the ‘Hurrah’ were rather feeble, but Jesper was not very exacting, and the hare was handed over.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	much	much	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
14	after	after	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
16	efforts	effort	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	fellow	fellow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	heels	heel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	whacking	whacking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	Hurrah	Hurrah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	38	punct	_	_
40	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
41	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
42	feeble	feeble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
44	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
45	Jesper	Jesper	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	nsubj	_	_
46	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	aux	_	_
47	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	49	advmod	_	_
48	very	very	ADV	RB	_	49	advmod	_	_
49	exacting	exact	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	42	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nsubj:pass	_	_
54	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	55	aux:pass	_	_
55	handed	hand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	42	conj	_	_
56	over	over	ADP	RP	_	55	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | head |  |  | the grain |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme against grain=Location |
| 2 | **see** | could | one |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **have** | past | the old fellow | Jesper's head |  | the grass and Jesper's heels in the air | after some efforts |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | past | the whacking and the Hurrah |  |  |  |  | feeble *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **exact** | past · progressive | Jesper |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **hand over** | past · passive |  | the hare |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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