---
title: He had not gone far on his way when he came upon the King of the Ant… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He had not gone far on his way when he came upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles, who, with their armies behind them, were facing each other and preparing for battle. Who acts: Hereupon. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jesper Who Herded the Hares, with its depe
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, Jesper Who Herded the Hares, sentence 22

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had not gone far on his way when he came upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles, who, with their armies behind them, were facing each other and preparing for battle.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Hereupon · **What happens:** not go, come, face, prepare · **To what, where:** way, each

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jesper Who Herded the Hares. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hereupon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:24:22
# text = He had not gone far on his way when he came upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles, who, with their armies behind them, were facing each other and preparing for battle.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Ants	Ant	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	Beetles	Beetle	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	armies	army	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
30	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	facing	face	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
35	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	34	obj	_	_
36	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	fixed	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	preparing	prepare	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	conj	_	_
39	for	for	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **go** | past · perfect | Hereupon |  |  | Hereupon's way |  | far *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on way=Location |
| 2 | **come** | past | Hereupon |  |  |  |  | upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles and Beetles's armies behind armies | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon king=Location |
| 3 | **face** | past · progressive | Hereupon *not said here* | each |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme each=Destination |
| 4 | **prepare** | gerund | Hereupon *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for battle | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for battle=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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