---
title: He soon came upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles,… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He soon came upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles, who with their armies had encamped on the field of battle all night, and were ready to begin the fight again. Who acts: Paul. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jesper Who Herded the Hares, with its dependency tre
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, Jesper Who Herded the Hares, sentence 37

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He soon came upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles, who with their armies had encamped on the field of battle all night, and were ready to begin the fight again.

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**Who acts:** Paul · **What happens:** come, encamp, be, begin · **To what, where:** Ants, field, fight

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jesper Who Herded the Hares. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Paul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:24:37
# text = He soon came upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles, who with their armies had encamped on the field of battle all night, and were ready to begin the fight again.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Ants	Ant	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Beetles	Beetle	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	armies	army	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	encamped	encamp	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	29	det	_	_
29	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
33	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	begin	begin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	xcomp	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	_
38	again	again	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Paul |  |  |  |  | upon the King of the Ants and the King of the Beetles; soon *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon king=Location |
| 2 | **encamp** | past · perfect · passive |  | the Ants and the King of the Beetles |  | the field of battle | night | with Beetles's armies | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | Paul *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **begin** | to-infinitive | Paul *not said here* | the fight |  |  | again |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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