--- title: At the first charge he made, the ranks of the beetles broke and fled… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: At the first charge he made, the ranks of the beetles broke and fled in dismay, and those escaped best that were nearest a hole, and could get into it before Jesper’s boots came down upon them. Who acts: Jesper, ranks, that, those. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jesper Who Her --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/24/54/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Violet Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/) / [Jesper Who Herded the Hares](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/24/) / 54 # The Violet Fairy Book, Jesper Who Herded the Hares, sentence 54 At the first charge he made, the ranks of the beetles broke and fled in dismay, and those escaped best that were nearest a hole, and could get into it before Jesper’s boots came down upon them. **Who acts:** Jesper, ranks, that, those · **What happens:** make, break, flee, escape, be, get · **To what, where:** first charge, dismay, hole This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jesper Who Herded the Hares. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jesper, ranks, that, those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg641:24:54 # text = At the first charge he made, the ranks of the beetles broke and fled in dismay, and those escaped best that were nearest a hole, and could get into it before Jesper’s boots came down upon them. 1 At at ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 amod _ _ 4 charge charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 5 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 ranks rank NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 beetles beetle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 13 broke break VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 fled flee VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 dismay dismay NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 20 those that PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 38 nsubj _ _ 21 escaped escape VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 acl _ _ 22 best good ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 21 parataxis _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 24 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 25 nearest near ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 22 parataxis _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 hole hole NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 get get VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 25 parataxis _ _ 32 into into ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ _ 34 before before ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 35 Jesper Jesper PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 36 ’s 's PART POS _ 35 case _ _ 37 boots boots NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 38 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 39 down down ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 40 upon upon ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | Jesper | the first charge *not said here* | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charge=Product | | 2 | **break** | past | the ranks of the beetles | | | the first charge | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at charge=Location | | 3 | **flee** | past | the ranks of the beetles *not said here* | | | dismay | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **escape** | participle | | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is** | past | that | | | | | a hole *obl*; near *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **get** | could | | | | hole | before Jesper's boots | | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into it=Destination | | 7 | **come down** | past | those | | | | | upon Beetles *= beetle*; down *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 53](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/24/53/) - next →: [sentence 55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/24/55/) - ↑ back to [Jesper Who Herded the Hares](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/24/)