---
title: The saucepans were taken off, and he invited the head cook to taste. — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The saucepans were taken off, and he invited the head cook to taste. Who acts: Jem, head cook. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/27/116/)

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 2, sentence 116

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The saucepans were taken off, and he invited the head cook to taste.

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**Who acts:** Jem, head cook · **What happens:** take off, invite, taste · **To what, where:** saucepans, head cook

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jem, head cook), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:27:116
# text = The saucepans were taken off, and he invited the head cook to taste.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	saucepans	saucepan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	invited	invite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	cook	cook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	taste	taste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take off** | past · passive |  | the saucepans |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **invite** | past | Jem | the head cook |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent cook=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **taste** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the head cook *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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