---
title: His eyes had grown quite small, like pigs’ eyes, his nose was huge a… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: His eyes had grown quite small, like pigs’ eyes, his nose was huge and hung down over his mouth and chin, his throat seemed to have disappeared altogether, and his head was fixed stiffly between his shoulders. Who acts: eyes, nose, throat. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Hi
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 2, sentence 56

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His eyes had grown quite small, like pigs’ eyes, his nose was huge and hung down over his mouth and chin, his throat seemed to have disappeared altogether, and his head was fixed stiffly between his shoulders.

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**Who acts:** eyes, nose, throat · **What happens:** grow, be, hang down, seem, disappear, fix · **To what, where:** mouth, head

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, nose, throat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:27:56
# text = His eyes had grown quite small, like pigs’ eyes, his nose was huge and hung down over his mouth and chin, his throat seemed to have disappeared altogether, and his head was fixed stiffly between his shoulders.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	pigs	pig	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	’	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
19	down	down	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	over	over	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
28	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	parataxis	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
30	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	aux	_	_
31	disappeared	disappear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	28	xcomp	_	_
32	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	advcl	_	_
39	stiffly	stiffly	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
40	between	between	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past · perfect | child's eyes |  |  |  |  | like pigs's eyes; small *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | eye's nose |  |  |  |  | huge *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hang down** | participle | eye's nose *not said here* |  |  | eye's mouth and chin |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over mouth=Location |
| 4 | **seem** | past | eye's throat |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 5 | **disappear** | to-infinitive · perfect | eye's throat *not said here* |  |  |  |  | altogether *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **fix** | past · passive |  | eye's head |  |  |  | between eye's shoulders; stiffly *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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