---
title: But his joy did not make him forget all he owed to his friend Mimi. — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: But his joy did not make him forget all he owed to his friend Mimi. Who acts: joy, Jem. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 3, sentence 113

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But his joy did not make him forget all he owed to his friend Mimi.

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**Who acts:** joy, Jem · **What happens:** not make, not forget, owe, joy · **To what, where:** Jem, all, friend

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (joy, Jem), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:28:113
# text = But his joy did not make him forget all he owed to his friend Mimi.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	forget	forget	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	obj	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	owed	owe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	Mimi	Mimi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **make** | past · do-support | Jem's joy | Jem |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **forget** | infinitive | Jem *not said here* | all |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **owe** | past | Jem |  | Jem's friend |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to friend=Goal |
| 4 | **joy** |  | Jem |  |  |  |  |  | nom joy «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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