---
title: From this time the little cook was hardly seen except in the kitchen… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: From this time the little cook was hardly seen except in the kitchen, where, surrounded by his helpers, he gave orders, baked, stewed, flavoured and dished up all manner of dishes. Who acts: cook. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 3, with its 
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 3, sentence 40

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From this time the little cook was hardly seen except in the kitchen, where, surrounded by his helpers, he gave orders, baked, stewed, flavoured and dished up all manner of dishes.

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**Who acts:** cook · **What happens:** see, surround, give, bake, stew, flavour · **To what, where:** little cook, orders, manner

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The History of Dwarf Long Nose, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cook), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:28:40
# text = From this time the little cook was hardly seen except in the kitchen, where, surrounded by his helpers, he gave orders, baked, stewed, flavoured and dished up all manner of dishes.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cook	cook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	except	except	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	surrounded	surround	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	helpers	helper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
24	orders	order	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	stewed	stew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	flavoured	flavour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	conj	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	dished	dish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	conj	_	_
33	up	up	ADP	RP	_	32	compound:prt	_	_
34	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	35	det	_	_
35	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	dishes	dish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · passive |  | the little cook |  |  | time | except the kitchen; hardly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **surround** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | past | cook | orders |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Theme |
| 4 | **bake** | participle | cook *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **stew** | participle | cook *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **flavour** | participle | cook *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **dish up** | participle | cook *not said here* | all manner of dishes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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