--- title: For a few days he pretended to be gay and happy as before, but when… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: For a few days he pretended to be gay and happy as before, but when the sun went in, and rain fell in torrents, he wept and howled from dawn to dark, till the turtle, who was his head keeper, heard him, and came to see what was the matter. Who acts: way, sun, rain, turtle. A sentence of «The Violet --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/32/31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Violet Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/) / [The Monkey and the Jelly-fish](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/32/) / 31 # The Violet Fairy Book, The Monkey and the Jelly-fish, sentence 31 For a few days he pretended to be gay and happy as before, but when the sun went in, and rain fell in torrents, he wept and howled from dawn to dark, till the turtle, who was his head keeper, heard him, and came to see what was the matter. **Who acts:** way, sun, rain, turtle · **What happens:** pretend, be, go in, fall, weep, howl · **To what, where:** torrents, dark, head keeper, way, matter · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Monkey and the Jelly-fish. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (way, sun, rain, turtle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg641:32:31 # text = For a few days he pretended to be gay and happy as before, but when the sun went in, and rain fell in torrents, he wept and howled from dawn to dark, till the turtle, who was his head keeper, heard him, and came to see what was the matter. 1 For for ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 5 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 pretended pretend VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 8 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 9 cop _ _ 9 gay gay ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 xcomp _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 happy happy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 12 as as ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 before before ADV RB _ 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 15 but but CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 16 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 19 advmod _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 19 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 20 in in ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 24 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 torrents torrent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 wept weep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 howled howl VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 32 from from ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 dawn dawn NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 34 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 37 till till ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 turtle turtle NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 41 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 45 nsubj _ _ 42 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 45 cop _ _ 43 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 44 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 compound _ _ 45 keeper keeper NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 47 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 48 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 51 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 52 to to PART TO _ 53 mark _ _ 53 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 51 advcl _ _ 54 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 57 nsubj _ _ 55 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 57 cop _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 matter matter NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 58 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pretend** | past | way | | | | day | | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | to-infinitive | way *not said here* | | | | | gay *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | way *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **go in** | past | the sun | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **fall** | past | rain | | | torrents | | | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in torrent=Location | | 6 | **weep** | past | way | | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **howl** | past | way *not said here* | | dark | | till the turtle; dawn | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to dark=Recipient | | 8 | **is a** | past | the turtle | way's head keeper | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **hear** | past | way *not said here* | way | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | | 10 | **come** | past | way *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 11 | **see** | to-infinitive | way *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 12 | **is a** | past | | the matter | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/32/30/) - next →: [sentence 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/32/32/) - ↑ back to [The Monkey and the Jelly-fish](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/32/)