---
title: In each day they added a year’s growth, and each night they added a… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: In each day they added a year’s growth, and each night they added a year’s growth, and at dawn, when the stars faded out of the sky, they grew three years’ growth in the twinkling of an eye, and their boughs swept across the palace windows. Who acts: aspens, stars, boughs, year. A sentence of «The V
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Boys With the Golden Stars, sentence 45

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In each day they added a year’s growth, and each night they added a year’s growth, and at dawn, when the stars faded out of the sky, they grew three years’ growth in the twinkling of an eye, and their boughs swept across the palace windows.

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**Who acts:** aspens, stars, boughs, year, three years · **What happens:** add, fade, grow, sweep · **To what, where:** growth, sky, twinkling, palace windows

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Boys With the Golden Stars. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (aspens, stars, boughs, year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:35:45
# text = In each day they added a year’s growth, and each night they added a year’s growth, and at dawn, when the stars faded out of the sky, they grew three years’ growth in the twinkling of an eye, and their boughs swept across the palace windows.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	added	add	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’s	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	added	add	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	’s	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	28	advmod	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj	_	_
28	faded	fade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	parataxis	_	_
29	out	out	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
34	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
35	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
36	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	37	nummod	_	_
37	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	’	's	PART	POS	_	37	case	_	_
39	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	twinkling	twinkling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
48	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	49	nmod:poss	_	_
49	boughs	bough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	nsubj	_	_
50	swept	sweep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	conj	_	_
51	across	across	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
53	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	compound	_	_
54	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | aspens *= aspen* | a year's growth |  |  | day |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent growth=Patient |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | aspens *= aspen* | a year's growth |  |  | night |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent growth=Patient |
| 3 | **fade** | past | the stars |  |  | the sky |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **grow** | past | aspens *= aspen* | three years's growth |  | the twinkling of a eye | dawn |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location growth=Theme |
| 5 | **sweep** | past | aspens's boughs |  |  | the palace windows |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across window=Trajectory |
| 6 | **grow** |  | a year |  |  |  |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 7 | **grow** |  | a year |  |  |  |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 8 | **grow** |  | three years |  |  |  |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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