---
title: Flop! and close beside him, he saw the frog. — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Flop! and close beside him, he saw the frog. Who acts: Flop, youngest. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Frog, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Frog, sentence 29

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Flop! and close beside him, he saw the frog.

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**Who acts:** Flop, youngest · **What happens:** close, see · **To what, where:** frog

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Frog. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Flop, youngest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:36:29
# text = Flop! and close beside him, he saw the frog.
1	Flop	flop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | infinitive | Flop |  |  |  |  | beside youngest *= young* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **see** | past | youngest *= young* | the frog |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer frog=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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