---
title: And immediately the king changed all the maidens into ducks, and he… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: And immediately the king changed all the maidens into ducks, and he drove them before the young man, and said: ‘Now show me which is my daughter.’ Who acts: king. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Princess Who Was Hidden Underground, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Princess Who Was Hidden Underground, sentence 45

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And immediately the king changed all the maidens into ducks, and he drove them before the young man, and said: ‘Now show me which is my daughter.’

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**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** change, drive, say, show, be · **To what, where:** maidens, me, daughter · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Princess Who Was Hidden Underground. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:37:45
# text = And immediately the king changed all the maidens into ducks, and he drove them before the young man, and said: ‘Now show me which is my daughter.’
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	maidens	maiden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ducks	duck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	before	before	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
24	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
26	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	ccomp	_	_
27	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	iobj	_	_
28	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | the king | all maidens |  |  |  | into ducks *result*; immediately *property* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent maiden=Patient into duck=Result |
| 2 | **drive** | past | king | maidens *= maiden* |  |  | before the young man |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme before man=Destination |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **show** | infinitive |  |  | me |  | now |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient |
| 5 | **is a** | present |  | my daughter |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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