---
title: When he was on the other side Vassili said to the whale: ‘Throw up t… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When he was on the other side Vassili said to the whale: ‘Throw up those twelve ships of Mark’s which you swallowed three years ago.’ Who acts: whale, Vassili, you. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Three Wonderful Beggars, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Story of Three Wonderful Beggars, sentence 143

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When he was on the other side Vassili said to the whale: ‘Throw up those twelve ships of Mark’s which you swallowed three years ago.’

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**Who acts:** whale, Vassili, you · **What happens:** be, say, throw up, swallow · **To what, where:** other side, twelve ships · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Three Wonderful Beggars. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (whale, Vassili, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:4:143
# text = When he was on the other side Vassili said to the whale: ‘Throw up those twelve ships of Mark’s which you swallowed three years ago.’
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	7	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	advcl	_	_
8	Vassili	Vassili	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Throw	throw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
16	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
18	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	Mark	Mark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	’s	's	PART	POS	_	21	case	_	_
23	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	obl	_	_
24	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
26	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl:unmarked	_	_
28	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | whale |  |  | the other side |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Vassili |  |  |  |  | to the whale | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to whale=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 3 | **throw up** | infinitive |  | that twelve ships |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent ship=Theme |
| 4 | **swallow** | past | you |  |  |  |  | of that twelve ships; ago *property* | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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