---
title: When the fight was ended, the buffalo skins were in ribbons, and the… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When the fight was ended, the buffalo skins were in ribbons, and the beaten animal writhing with pain on the grass. Who acts: fight, buffalo skins. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 3, sentence 41

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When the fight was ended, the buffalo skins were in ribbons, and the beaten animal writhing with pain on the grass.

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**Who acts:** fight, buffalo skins · **What happens:** be, beat · **To what, where:** ribbons

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fight, buffalo skins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:40:41
# text = When the fight was ended, the buffalo skins were in ribbons, and the beaten animal writhing with pain on the grass.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	ended	ended	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	skins	skin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	ribbons	ribbon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
17	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	writhing	writhing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the fight |  |  |  |  | ended *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the buffalo skins |  |  | ribbons |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **beat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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