---
title: At this they both began to weep afresh, and his mother kissed him, a… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: At this they both began to weep afresh, and his mother kissed him, and put on his new clothes and said, ‘If the woman bids you to follow her, you must go,’ but the boy did not heed her grief, he was so pleased with his new clothes. Who acts: parents, mother, woman, you. A sentence of «The Violet Fai
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Story of Halfman, sentence 184

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At this they both began to weep afresh, and his mother kissed him, and put on his new clothes and said, ‘If the woman bids you to follow her, you must go,’ but the boy did not heed her grief, he was so pleased with his new clothes.

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**Who acts:** parents, mother, woman, you, boy, father · **What happens:** begin, weep, kiss, put, say, bid · **To what, where:** this, father, new clothes, you, woman, grief · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Halfman. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parents, mother, woman, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:41:184
# text = At this they both began to weep afresh, and his mother kissed him, and put on his new clothes and said, ‘If the woman bids you to follow her, you must go,’ but the boy did not heed her grief, he was so pleased with his new clothes.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	obl	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	nsubj	_	_
5	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	weep	weep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	afresh	afresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	kissed	kiss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
20	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	17	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
25	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	bids	bid	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
30	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	29	obj	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	ccomp	_	_
33	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
36	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	37	punct	_	_
40	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
43	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	aux	_	_
44	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	45	advmod	_	_
45	heed	heed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	conj	_	_
46	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
47	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
49	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	52	nsubj	_	_
50	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	cop	_	_
51	so	so	ADV	RB	_	52	advmod	_	_
52	pleased	pleased	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	advcl	_	_
53	with	with	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
54	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	56	nmod:poss	_	_
55	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	_
56	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | parents *= parent* |  |  | this |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **weep** | to-infinitive | parents *= parent* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | afresh *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **kiss** | past | father's mother | father |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **put** | participle |  |  |  | father's new clothes |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on clothes=Destination |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **bid** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | the woman | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **follow** | to-infinitive |  | woman |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |
| 8 | **go** | must | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **not** **heed** | past · do-support | the boy | woman's grief |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grief=Theme |
| 10 | **is** | past | father |  |  |  |  | with father's new clothes; pleased *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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