--- title: By-and-by the ogre and his wife returned and found their daughter ly… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: By-and-by the ogre and his wife returned and found their daughter lying without her head, and they began to cry and sob, saying, ‘This is Halfman’s work, why did we listen to him?’ Who acts: daughter, heads, This, we. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Halfman, with i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/41/93/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Violet Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/) / [The Story of Halfman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/41/) / 93 # The Violet Fairy Book, The Story of Halfman, sentence 93 By-and-by the ogre and his wife returned and found their daughter lying without her head, and they began to cry and sob, saying, ‘This is Halfman’s work, why did we listen to him?’ **Who acts:** daughter, heads, This, we · **What happens:** return, find, lie, begin, cry, sob · **To what, where:** daughter, work, Halfman · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Halfman. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (daughter, heads, This, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg641:41:93 # text = By-and-by the ogre and his wife returned and found their daughter lying without her head, and they began to cry and sob, saying, ‘This is Halfman’s work, why did we listen to him?’ 1 By by ADP IN _ 7 case _ SpaceAfter=No 2 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 ogre ogre NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 11 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 14 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 daughter daughter NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 16 lying lie VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 acl _ _ 17 without without ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 cry cry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 xcomp _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 sob sob VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 23 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 31 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 36 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 32 This this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 36 nsubj _ _ 33 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 34 Halfman Halfman PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 35 ’s 's PART POS _ 34 case _ _ 36 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 41 advmod _ _ 39 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 40 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 listen listen VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 parataxis _ _ 42 to to ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 44 ? ? PUNCT . _ 36 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 45 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 36 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **return** | past | | | | | | by the ogre and Halfman's wife | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **find** | past | | heads's daughter | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Topic | | 3 | **lie** | gerund | heads's daughter *not said here* | | | | | without wife's head | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **begin** | past | heads *= head* | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 5 | **cry** *speech: express* | to-infinitive | heads *= head* *not said here* | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **sob** | infinitive | heads *= head* *not said here* | | | | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is a** | present | This | Halfman's work | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **listen** | past · do-support | we | | Halfman | | | | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to he=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 92](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/41/92/) - next →: [sentence 94](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/41/94/) - ↑ back to [The Story of Halfman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/41/)