---
title: Cards were brought, and in a very short time the prince had lost eve… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Cards were brought, and in a very short time the prince had lost every penny he possessed to his new acquaintance. Who acts: man. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Prince Who Wanted to See the World, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, The Prince Who Wanted to See the World, sentence 6

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Cards were brought, and in a very short time the prince had lost every penny he possessed to his new acquaintance.

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**Who acts:** man · **What happens:** bring, lose, possess, acquaint · **To what, where:** Cards, prince, penny

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Prince Who Wanted to See the World. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:42:6
# text = Cards were brought, and in a very short time the prince had lost every penny he possessed to his new acquaintance.
1	Cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
15	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	penny	penny	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	possessed	possess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	acquaintance	acquaintance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past · passive |  | Cards |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **lose** | past · perfect · passive |  | the prince |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **possess** | past | man | every penny *not said here* |  |  |  | to man's new acquaintance | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot penny=Theme |
| 4 | **acquaint** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom acquaintance «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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