---
title: Then Virgilius drew the bolt, and, picking the books up under his ar… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Virgilius drew the bolt, and, picking the books up under his arm, he left the cave. Who acts: Virgilius. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Virgilius the Sorcerer, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, Virgilius the Sorcerer, sentence 23

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Then Virgilius drew the bolt, and, picking the books up under his arm, he left the cave.

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**Who acts:** Virgilius · **What happens:** draw, pick up, leave · **To what, where:** bolt, books, arm, cave

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Virgilius the Sorcerer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Virgilius), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:43:23
# text = Then Virgilius drew the bolt, and, picking the books up under his arm, he left the cave.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Virgilius	Virgilius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bolt	bolt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	picking	pick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
13	under	under	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | Virgilius | the bolt |  |  | then |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bolt=Theme |
| 2 | **pick up** | gerund | Virgilius *not said here* | the books |  | Virgilius's arm |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic |
| 3 | **leave** | past | Virgilius | the cave |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cave=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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