---
title: After which he lifted the spell, and the invading army slunk back to… — The Violet Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: After which he lifted the spell, and the invading army slunk back to Rome, and reported what Virgilius had said to the emperor. Who acts: Virgilius, invading army. A sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Virgilius the Sorcerer, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Violet Fairy Book, Virgilius the Sorcerer, sentence 38

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After which he lifted the spell, and the invading army slunk back to Rome, and reported what Virgilius had said to the emperor.

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**Who acts:** Virgilius, invading army · **What happens:** lift, invade, slink back, report, say · **To what, where:** spell, Rome, Virgilius · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Virgilius the Sorcerer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Virgilius, invading army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg641:43:38
# text = After which he lifted the spell, and the invading army slunk back to Rome, and reported what Virgilius had said to the emperor.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	obl	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	spell	spell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	invading	invade	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
11	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	slunk	slink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	back	back	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Rome	Rome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	reported	report	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
19	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	22	obj	_	_
20	Virgilius	Virgilius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	ccomp	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	emperor	emperor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | past | Virgilius | the spell |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spell=Theme |
| 2 | **invade** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **slink back** | past | the invading army |  | Rome |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to rome=Destination |
| 4 | **report** | past | Virgilius *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · perfect · passive |  | Virgilius |  |  |  | to the emperor | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme what=Manner |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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