---
title: These books were read by many people all over the world, and at last… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: These books were read by many people all over the world, and at last some of them reached the Emperor, who sat in his chair of solid jade and read and read and read. Who acts: many people, some, Emperor. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Open
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 1, sentence 114

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These books were read by many people all over the world, and at last some of them reached the Emperor, who sat in his chair of solid jade and read and read and read.

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**Who acts:** many people, some, Emperor · **What happens:** read, reach, sit · **To what, where:** books, world, Emperor, last, chair

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many people, some, Emperor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:1:122
# text = These books were read by many people all over the world, and at last some of them reached the Emperor, who sat in his chair of solid jade and read and read and read.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	all	all	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	obl	_	_
16	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	19	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	_
19	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Emperor	Emperor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
24	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	jade	jade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	conj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past · passive | many people | this books |  | the world |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 2 | **reach** | past | some of people | the Emperor |  | last |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent emperor=Theme at last=Asset |
| 3 | **sit** | past | the Emperor |  |  | BOOK's chair of solid jade |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in chair=Location |
| 4 | **read** | infinitive | the Emperor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **read** | infinitive | the Emperor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **read** | infinitive | the Emperor *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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