---
title: The Nightingale, thinking the First Lord was the Emperor, said, “Sha… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The Nightingale, thinking the First Lord was the Emperor, said, “Shall I sing again for your Majesty?” Who acts: Nightingale, First Lord. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 1, sentence 147

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The Nightingale, thinking the First Lord was the Emperor, said, “Shall I sing again for your Majesty?”

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**Who acts:** Nightingale, First Lord · **What happens:** think, be, say, sing · **To what, where:** Emperor · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nightingale, First Lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:1:155
# text = The Nightingale, thinking the First Lord was the Emperor, said, “Shall I sing again for your Majesty?”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Nightingale	Nightingale	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	First	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Emperor	Emperor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
18	again	again	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	Majesty	majesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | the Nightingale *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the First Lord | the Emperor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | the Nightingale |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **sing** *speech: express* *in a quote* | shall | the Nightingale *= nightingale* |  |  |  | again | for your Majesty | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for majesty=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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