---
title: Most of those from India are adapted from “The Hitopadesa,” which is… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Most of those from India are adapted from “The Hitopadesa,” which is also known as “The Book of Good Counsels,” and “The Criterion of Wisdom.” A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 1, sentence 89

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Most of those from India are adapted from “The Hitopadesa,” which is also known as “The Book of Good Counsels,” and “The Criterion of Wisdom.”

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**What happens:** adapt, know · **To what, where:** Most, Hitopadesa

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:1:95
# text = Most of those from India are adapted from “The Hitopadesa,” which is also known as “The Book of Good Counsels,” and “The Criterion of Wisdom.”
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	1	nmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	adapted	adapt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Hitopadesa	Hitopadesa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
16	also	also	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Book	Book	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	Counsels	counsel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	Criterion	Criterion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Wisdom	Wisdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **adapt** | present · passive |  | Most of those from India |  |  |  |  | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **know** | present · passive |  | the Hitopadesa |  |  |  | as the Book of Good Counsels and the Criterion of Wisdom; which *nsubj:pass* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as book=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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