---
title: The wretch not long after managed to approach me under another form;… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The wretch not long after managed to approach me under another form; one day when I was in the garden I asked for some refreshment, and he brought me—in the disguise of a slave—a draught which changed me at once to this horrid shape. Who acts: I, wretch, draught. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; 
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 10, sentence 53

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The wretch not long after managed to approach me under another form; one day when I was in the garden I asked for some refreshment, and he brought me—in the disguise of a slave—a draught which changed me at once to this horrid shape.

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**Who acts:** I, wretch, draught · **What happens:** manage, approach, be, ask, bring, change · **To what, where:** wretch, me, form, garden, disguise

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, wretch, draught), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:10:53
# text = The wretch not long after managed to approach me under another form; one day when I was in the garden I asked for some refreshment, and he brought me—in the disguise of a slave—a draught which changed me at once to this horrid shape.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wretch	wretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:outer	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	managed	manage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	approach	approach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	under	under	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	26	det	_	_
26	refreshment	refreshment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
31	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	disguise	disguise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	slave	slave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	draught	draught	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	conj	_	_
42	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	43	nsubj	_	_
43	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	acl:relcl	_	_
44	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	43	obj	_	_
45	at	at	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	43	obl	_	_
47	to	to	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
48	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	50	det	_	_
49	horrid	horrid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	amod	_	_
50	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manage** | participle |  | the wretch *not said here* |  |  |  | long *property* | vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **approach** | to-infinitive |  | me |  | another form |  |  | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | I |  |  | the garden |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | I | the garden *not said here* |  |  |  | for some refreshment | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent garden=Recipient |
| 5 | **bring** | past | the wretch |  | me | the disguise of a slave and a draught |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument i=Destination |
| 6 | **change** | past | a draught | me |  |  |  | to this horrid shape | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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