---
title: He spoke to each of them apart, and showed the impossibility of one… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: He spoke to each of them apart, and showed the impossibility of one princess being the wife of three brothers, and the troubles they would create if they persisted in their purpose. Who acts: He, one princess, troubles. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfiel
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 11, sentence 1

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He spoke to each of them apart, and showed the impossibility of one princess being the wife of three brothers, and the troubles they would create if they persisted in their purpose.

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**Who acts:** He, one princess, troubles · **What happens:** speak, show, be, create, persist, purpose · **To what, where:** impossibility, purpose · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (He, one princess, troubles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:11:1
# text = He spoke to each of them apart, and showed the impossibility of one princess being the wife of three brothers, and the troubles they would create if they persisted in their purpose.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
7	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	impossibility	impossibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	cop	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	troubles	trouble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	create	create	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
29	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	persisted	persist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	ccomp	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | He |  |  |  |  | to each of them; apart *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to each=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **show** | past |  | the impossibility |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent impossibility=Recipient |
| 3 | **is** | gerund | one princess |  |  |  |  | of the wife; of three brothers | tree rules |
| 4 | **create** | would | the troubles |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **persist** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | troubles *= trouble* |  |  | troubles's purpose |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in purpose=Location |
| 6 | **purpose** |  | troubles *= trouble* |  |  |  |  |  | nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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