--- title: The presence of the three princes, who were so little expected, alar… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics description: The presence of the three princes, who were so little expected, alarmed the princess’s women and guards, who could not comprehend by what enchantment three men should be among them; for they did not know them at first; and the guards were ready to fall on them, as people who had got into a part of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/12/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jade Story Book; Stories from the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/) / [Opening, part 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/12/) / 4 # The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 12, sentence 4 The presence of the three princes, who were so little expected, alarmed the princess’s women and guards, who could not comprehend by what enchantment three men should be among them; for they did not know them at first; and the guards were ready to fall on them, as people who had got into a part of the palace where they were not allowed to come; but they quickly found out their mistake. **Who acts:** women, enchantment three men, men, presence, people, guards · **What happens:** expect, alarm, not comprehend, be, not know, fall · **To what, where:** three princes, presence, guards, part, men, mistake This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (women, enchantment three men, men, presence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg65965:12:4 # text = The presence of the three princes, who were so little expected, alarmed the princess’s women and guards, who could not comprehend by what enchantment three men should be among them; for they did not know them at first; and the guards were ready to fall on them, as people who had got into a part of the palace where they were not allowed to come; but they quickly found out their mistake. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 presence presence NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 princes prince NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 8 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 9 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 10 so so ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 obl:unmarked _ _ 12 expected expect VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 alarmed alarm VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 princess princess NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 17 ’s 's PART POS _ 16 case _ _ 18 women woman NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl:agent _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 guards guard NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 23 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 24 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 25 comprehend comprehend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 parataxis _ _ 26 by by ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 25 obl _ _ 28 enchantment enchantment NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 29 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 30 nummod _ _ 30 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 31 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 32 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 34 cop _ _ 33 among among ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 ; ; PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 36 for for SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 37 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 38 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 39 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 40 advmod _ _ 40 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 conj _ _ 41 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ _ 42 at at ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 40 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 44 ; ; PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 guards guard NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 nsubj _ _ 48 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 49 cop _ _ 49 ready ready ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 50 to to PART TO _ 51 mark _ _ 51 fall fall VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 49 xcomp _ _ 52 on on ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 54 , , PUNCT , _ 56 punct _ _ 55 as as ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 56 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 obl _ _ 57 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 59 nsubj _ _ 58 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 59 aux _ _ 59 got get VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 56 acl:relcl _ _ 60 into into ADP IN _ 62 case _ _ 61 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 62 det _ _ 62 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 obl _ _ 63 of of ADP IN _ 65 case _ _ 64 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 65 det _ _ 65 palace palace NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 nmod _ _ 66 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 70 advmod _ _ 67 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 70 nsubj:pass _ _ 68 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 70 aux:pass _ _ 69 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 70 advmod _ _ 70 allowed allow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 65 acl:relcl _ _ 71 to to PART TO _ 72 mark _ _ 72 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 70 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 73 ; ; PUNCT : _ 77 punct _ _ 74 but but CCONJ CC _ 77 cc _ _ 75 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 77 nsubj _ _ 76 quickly quickly ADV RB _ 77 advmod _ _ 77 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 49 parataxis _ _ 78 out out ADP RP _ 77 compound:prt _ _ 79 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 80 nmod:poss _ _ 80 mistake mistake NOUN NN Number=Sing 77 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 81 . . PUNCT . _ 49 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **expect** | past · passive | | the three princes | | | | little *obl:unmarked* | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **alarm** | participle | | the presence of the three princes *not said here* | | | | the princess's women and guards *obl:agent* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **not** **comprehend** | could | the princess's women and guards | | | | | by the princess's women and guards | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **is** | should | enchantment three men | | | | | among men *= man* | tree rules | | 5 | **not** **know** | past · do-support | men *= man* | guards *= guard* | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus | | 6 | **is** | past | the presence of the three princes | | | | | the guards *nsubj*; ready *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **fall** | to-infinitive | the presence of the three princes *not said here* | | | | | on guards *= guard*; as people | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on they=Location | | 8 | **get** | past · perfect | people | | | a part of the palace | | | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into part=Destination | | 9 | **not** **allow** | past · passive | | men *= man* | | | | | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | | 10 | **come** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | men *= man* *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 11 | **find out** | past | men *= man* | guards's mistake | | | | quickly *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Topic | | 12 | **mistake** | | guards *= guard* | | | | | | nom mistake «act intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/12/3/) - next →: [sentence 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/12/5/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/12/)