---
title: “Vizier,” he one day said, “thou knowest I always loved Ahmed the mo… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: “Vizier,” he one day said, “thou knowest I always loved Ahmed the most of all my sons. Who acts: Prince, thou. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 12, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 12, sentence 67

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“Vizier,” he one day said, “thou knowest I always loved Ahmed the most of all my sons.

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**Who acts:** Prince, thou · **What happens:** say, know, love · **To what, where:** Ahmed · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:12:67
# text = “Vizier,” he one day said, “thou knowest I always loved Ahmed the most of all my sons.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Vizier	vizier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
12	knowest	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	15	advmod	_	_
15	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
16	Ahmed	Ahmed	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	15	advmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	22	det:predet	_	_
21	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Prince |  |  |  |  | Vizier *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **know** *in a quote* | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **love** *in a quote* | past | Prince | Ahmed |  |  |  | always *property* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ahmed=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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