---
title: When he had proceeded a little distance from the castle gates he tur… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: When he had proceeded a little distance from the castle gates he turned about; and perceiving two of the lions coming after him, drew his sword, and prepared himself for defence. Who acts: prince, lions. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Open
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 14, sentence 73

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When he had proceeded a little distance from the castle gates he turned about; and perceiving two of the lions coming after him, drew his sword, and prepared himself for defence.

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**Who acts:** prince, lions · **What happens:** proceed, turn about, perceive, come, draw, prepare · **To what, where:** little distance, castle gates, two, sword, prince

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, lions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:14:73
# text = When he had proceeded a little distance from the castle gates he turned about; and perceiving two of the lions coming after him, drew his sword, and prepared himself for defence.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	proceeded	proceed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	about	about	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	perceiving	perceive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
18	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
22	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	acl	_	_
23	after	after	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	parataxis	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	prepared	prepare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
32	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	31	obj	_	_
33	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	defence	defence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **proceed** | past · perfect | prince | a little distance |  | the castle gates |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn about** | past | prince | the castle gates *not said here* |  |  |  | about *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent gate=Theme |
| 3 | **perceive** | gerund | prince *not said here* | two of the lions |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer two=Stimulus |
| 4 | **come** | gerund | the lions *not said here* |  |  |  | after prince |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **draw** | past |  | prince's sword |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme |
| 6 | **prepare** | past |  | prince |  |  |  | for defence | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent himself=Product for defence=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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