---
title: “Wilt thou not speak, then?” he exclaimed, and let it fall directly… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: “Wilt thou not speak, then?” he exclaimed, and let it fall directly on the sultan’s head, and crushed him to the earth. Who acts: thou, Schaibar, bar. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 15, sentence 11

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“Wilt thou not speak, then?” he exclaimed, and let it fall directly on the sultan’s head, and crushed him to the earth.

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**Who acts:** thou, Schaibar, bar · **What happens:** not speak, exclaim, let, fall, crush · **To what, where:** bar, head, Schaibar · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, Schaibar, bar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:15:11
# text = “Wilt thou not speak, then?” he exclaimed, and let it fall directly on the sultan’s head, and crushed him to the earth.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	sultan	sultan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	’s	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	crushed	crush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* *in a quote* | future | thou |  |  |  | then |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | past | Schaibar |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive |  | bar |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **fall** | infinitive | bar *not said here* |  |  | the sultan's head |  | directly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on head=Location |
| 5 | **crush** | past | Schaibar *not said here* | Schaibar |  |  |  | to the earth *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent he=Patient to earth=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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