---
title: He prepared the nut and leaf for chewing, and as he did so he wonder… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: He prepared the nut and leaf for chewing, and as he did so he wondered why it was that he had been so unsuccessful that day. Who acts: distance, nut. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 15, sentence 34

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He prepared the nut and leaf for chewing, and as he did so he wondered why it was that he had been so unsuccessful that day.

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**Who acts:** distance, nut · **What happens:** prepare, chew, do, wonder, be · **To what, where:** nut, unsuccessful day

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (distance, nut), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:15:35
# text = He prepared the nut and leaf for chewing, and as he did so he wondered why it was that he had been so unsuccessful that day.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	prepared	prepare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	nut	nut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	chewing	chew	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	wondered	wonder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	27	advmod	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
22	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
23	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	cop	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	unsuccessful	unsuccessful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
26	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
27	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prepare** | past | distance | the nut and leaf |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nut=Patient |
| 2 | **chew** | gerund | distance *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **do** | past | distance |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **wonder** *speech: ask* | past | distance |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **is** | past · perfect | distance |  |  |  |  | unsuccessful *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **is a** | past | nut | that unsuccessful day |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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