--- title: Chang was puzzled, because he had never heard a fish make a noise li… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics description: Chang was puzzled, because he had never heard a fish make a noise like this before, but he seized the fish, remarking to himself what a wonderfully fine one it was, and tearing the hook out of its jaws, threw it down in the boat. Who acts: Chang. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/16/45/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jade Story Book; Stories from the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/) / [Opening, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/16/) / 45 # The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 16, sentence 45 Chang was puzzled, because he had never heard a fish make a noise like this before, but he seized the fish, remarking to himself what a wonderfully fine one it was, and tearing the hook out of its jaws, threw it down in the boat. **Who acts:** Chang · **What happens:** puzzle, not hear, make, seize, remark, tear · **To what, where:** Chang, fish, noise, hook, jaws, boat This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chang), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg65965:16:45 # text = Chang was puzzled, because he had never heard a fish make a noise like this before, but he seized the fish, remarking to himself what a wonderfully fine one it was, and tearing the hook out of its jaws, threw it down in the boat. 1 Chang chang NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 puzzled puzzle VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 5 because because SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 7 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 8 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 9 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 advcl _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 noise noise NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 like like ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 obl _ _ 17 before before ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 but but CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 seized seize VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 remarking remark VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 21 advcl _ _ 26 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 25 obl _ _ 28 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 25 obl _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 30 wonderfully wonderfully ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 fine fine ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 tearing tear VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 25 conj _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 hook hook NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 40 out out ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 jaws jaw NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 45 threw throw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 46 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 obj _ _ 47 down down ADP RP _ 45 compound:prt _ _ 48 in in ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 boat boat NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 51 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **puzzle** | past · passive | | Chang | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | | 2 | **not** **hear** | past · perfect | Chang | a fish | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer fish=Stimulus | | 3 | **make** | present | | a noise | | | | like this; before *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product | | 4 | **seize** | past | Chang | the fish | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme | | 5 | **remark** *speech: assert* | gerund | Chang *not said here* | | Chang | | | what a fine one *obl* | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient | | 6 | **tear** | gerund | Chang *not said here* | the hook | | noise's jaws | | | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location hook=Theme | | 7 | **throw down** | past | Chang *not said here* | noise | | the boat | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme in boat=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/16/44/) - next →: [sentence 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/16/46/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/16/)