---
title: “Oh!” exclaimed Sin, “what an awful knock I have given myself. — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: “Oh!” exclaimed Sin, “what an awful knock I have given myself. Who acts: Sin. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 16, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 16, sentence 83

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“Oh!” exclaimed Sin, “what an awful knock I have given myself.

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**Who acts:** Sin · **What happens:** exclaim, give · **To what, where:** Sin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:16:83
# text = “Oh!” exclaimed Sin, “what an awful knock I have given myself.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Sin	Sin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	awful	awful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	knock	knock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
16	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	15	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | past | Sin |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **give** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  |  | Sin |  |  | what *nsubj:pass*; a awful knock *nsubj:pass*; I *nsubj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient myself=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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