---
title: Having spoken thus he left the queen’s apartment, caused a pick-axe… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Having spoken thus he left the queen’s apartment, caused a pick-axe to be brought to him, and went alone into the late sultan’s private room. Who acts: dream. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 17, with its dependency tree and th
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 17, sentence 4

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Having spoken thus he left the queen’s apartment, caused a pick-axe to be brought to him, and went alone into the late sultan’s private room.

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**Who acts:** dream · **What happens:** speak, leave, cause, bring, go · **To what, where:** apartment, pick axe, dream, private room · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dream), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:17:4
# text = Having spoken thus he left the queen’s apartment, caused a pick-axe to be brought to him, and went alone into the late sultan’s private room.
1	Having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	aux	_	_
2	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
3	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’s	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	apartment	apartment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	pick	pick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	axe	axe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
24	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	sultan	sultan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	’s	's	PART	POS	_	28	case	_	_
30	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund · perfect | dream *not said here* |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **leave** | past | dream | the queen's apartment |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apartment=Theme |
| 3 | **cause** | past | dream *not said here* | a pick axe |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition axe=Patient |
| 4 | **bring** | to-infinitive · passive | dream *not said here* | a pick axe *not said here* | dream |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: to he=Destination |
| 5 | **go** | past | dream *not said here* |  |  | the late sultan's private room |  | alone *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into room=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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