---
title: The poor cat was frightened, but as well as she could she explained… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The poor cat was frightened, but as well as she could she explained how the ring had been lost and how the dog had run away. Who acts: cat. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 18, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 18, sentence 110

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The poor cat was frightened, but as well as she could she explained how the ring had been lost and how the dog had run away.

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**Who acts:** cat · **What happens:** frighten, explain, lose, run away · **To what, where:** poor cat, ring, dog · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:18:112
# text = The poor cat was frightened, but as well as she could she explained how the ring had been lost and how the dog had run away.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
8	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	14	cc	_	_
9	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	fixed	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	ccomp	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
22	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	26	advmod	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	run	run	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
27	away	away	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **frighten** | past · passive |  | the poor cat |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | could | cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **lose** | past · perfect · passive |  | the ring |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 4 | **run away** | past · perfect · passive |  | the dog |  |  |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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