---
title: Never had the young Sultan of Bussorah beheld such a perfect and str… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Never had the young Sultan of Bussorah beheld such a perfect and striking beauty. Who acts: young Sultan. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 18, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 18, sentence 15

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Never had the young Sultan of Bussorah beheld such a perfect and striking beauty.

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**Who acts:** young Sultan · **What happens:** not have, behold, strike · **To what, where:** perfect beauty

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young Sultan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:18:15
# text = Never had the young Sultan of Bussorah beheld such a perfect and striking beauty.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Bussorah	Bussorah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
9	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	14	det:predet	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	_
14	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **behold** | past | the young Sultan of Bussorah | such perfect beauty |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer beauty=Stimulus |
| 3 | **strike** | gerund | the young Sultan of Bussorah *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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