---
title: He rushed upon the old man, who merely laughed and then turned into… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: He rushed upon the old man, who merely laughed and then turned into a beautiful white bird and flew away. Who acts: Korkwi, old man. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/108/)

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 108

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He rushed upon the old man, who merely laughed and then turned into a beautiful white bird and flew away.

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**Who acts:** Korkwi, old man · **What happens:** rush, laugh, turn, fly away

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Korkwi, old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:19:109
# text = He rushed upon the old man, who merely laughed and then turned into a beautiful white bird and flew away.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	merely	merely	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
14	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
21	away	away	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rush** | past | Korkwi |  |  |  |  | upon the old man | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon man=Trajectory |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | the old man |  |  |  |  | merely *property* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **turn** | past | the old man *not said here* |  |  |  | then | into a beautiful white bird *result* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into bird=Result |
| 4 | **fly away** | past | the old man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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