--- title: Haki and Oku saw that it was useless for them, being only human, to… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics description: Haki and Oku saw that it was useless for them, being only human, to fight against Korkwi, who possessed supernatural powers, so they returned to the Empress, who decided to call on Shiku, the Fire King, for aid. Who acts: Haki, thought, Korkwi, Empress. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories fr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/110/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jade Story Book; Stories from the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/) / [Opening, part 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/) / 110 # The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 110 Haki and Oku saw that it was useless for them, being only human, to fight against Korkwi, who possessed supernatural powers, so they returned to the Empress, who decided to call on Shiku, the Fire King, for aid. **Who acts:** Haki, thought, Korkwi, Empress · **What happens:** see, be, fight, possess, return, decide · **To what, where:** supernatural powers, Shiku · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Haki, thought, Korkwi, Empress), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg65965:19:111 # text = Haki and Oku saw that it was useless for them, being only human, to fight against Korkwi, who possessed supernatural powers, so they returned to the Empress, who decided to call on Shiku, the Fire King, for aid. 1 Haki Haki PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 Oku Oku PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 4 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 6 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 7 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 8 useless useless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 ccomp _ _ 9 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 cop _ _ 13 only only ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 human human ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 fight fight VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 18 against against ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Korkwi Korkwi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 22 possessed possess VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ _ 23 supernatural supernatural NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 compound _ _ 24 powers power NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 27 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 Empress Empress PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 34 nsubj _ _ 34 decided decide VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 35 to to PART TO _ 36 mark _ _ 36 call call VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 xcomp _ _ 37 on on ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 Shiku Shiku PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 41 Fire Fire PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 compound _ _ 42 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 for for ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 45 aid aid NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | Haki and Oku | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **is** | past | thought | | | | | for Haki; useless *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | gerund | thought *not said here* | | | | | human *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **fight** | to-infinitive | Haki and Oku *not said here* | | | | | against Korkwi | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **possess** | past | Korkwi | supernatural powers | | | | | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot power=Theme | | 6 | **return** | past | Haki | | | | | to the Empress *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to empress=Result | | 7 | **decide** | past | the Empress | | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **call** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Empress *not said here* | | | Shiku | | for aid | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for aid=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 109](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/109/) - next →: [sentence 111](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/111/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/)