---
title: He and his courtiers stopped to rest at a pleasant spot, and refresh… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: He and his courtiers stopped to rest at a pleasant spot, and refreshments were prepared for them. Who acts: Varna. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 22

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He and his courtiers stopped to rest at a pleasant spot, and refreshments were prepared for them.

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**Who acts:** Varna · **What happens:** stop, rest, prepare · **To what, where:** pleasant spot, refreshments

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Varna), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:19:22
# text = He and his courtiers stopped to rest at a pleasant spot, and refreshments were prepared for them.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	courtiers	courtier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
5	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	prepared	prepare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | Varna |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **rest** | to-infinitive | Varna *not said here* |  |  | a pleasant spot |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at spot=Location |
| 3 | **prepare** | past · passive |  | refreshments |  |  |  | for courtiers *= courtier* | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Product for they=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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