---
title: Both of them were sitting by an open window, and suddenly the bird f… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Both of them were sitting by an open window, and suddenly the bird flew from its master’s shoulder to the window sill. Who acts: Both, bird. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 33

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Both of them were sitting by an open window, and suddenly the bird flew from its master’s shoulder to the window sill.

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**Who acts:** Both, bird · **What happens:** sit, fly · **To what, where:** shoulder

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Both, bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:19:33
# text = Both of them were sitting by an open window, and suddenly the bird flew from its master’s shoulder to the window sill.
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	’s	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	sill	sill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past · progressive | Both of confidence |  |  |  |  | by a open window | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by window=Location |
| 2 | **fly** | past | the bird |  |  | window's master's shoulder |  | to the window sill; suddenly *property* | vn drive-11.5-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent from shoulder=Initial\_Location to sill=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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