---
title: When he became old enough to need the guidance of a tutor and guardi… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: When he became old enough to need the guidance of a tutor and guardian, this lady’s husband took her place, and they both loved him as though he were their own son. Who acts: infant, husband, ladies. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening,
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 6

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When he became old enough to need the guidance of a tutor and guardian, this lady’s husband took her place, and they both loved him as though he were their own son.

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**Who acts:** infant, husband, ladies · **What happens:** become, need, take, love, be, guide · **To what, where:** guidance, place, infant, own son, tutor

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (infant, husband, ladies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:19:6
# text = When he became old enough to need the guidance of a tutor and guardian, this lady’s husband took her place, and they both loved him as though he were their own son.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	guidance	guidance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tutor	tutor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	guardian	guardian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
16	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
17	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	’s	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	both	both	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	as	as	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
30	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
33	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
34	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | infant |  |  |  |  | old *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **need** | to-infinitive | infant *not said here* | the guidance of a tutor and guardian |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot guidance=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | past | this lady's husband | Zaïda's place |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme |
| 4 | **love** | past | ladies *= lady* | infant |  |  |  | both *property* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 5 | **is a** | past | infant | ladies's own son |  |  |  | ladies *= lady* *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 6 | **guide** |  |  | a tutor and guardian |  |  |  |  | nom guidance «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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