---
title: This story tells how the heavens and one of the pillars which upheld… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: This story tells how the heavens and one of the pillars which upheld the sky were damaged during a rebellion raised by one of her subjects, and how she mended the broken parts. Who acts: story, pillars. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Openi
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 68

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This story tells how the heavens and one of the pillars which upheld the sky were damaged during a rebellion raised by one of her subjects, and how she mended the broken parts.

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**Who acts:** story, pillars · **What happens:** tell, uphold, damage, raise, mend, break · **To what, where:** sky, heavens, rebellion, broken parts · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, pillars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:19:69
# text = This story tells how the heavens and one of the pillars which upheld the sky were damaged during a rebellion raised by one of her subjects, and how she mended the broken parts.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pillars	pillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	upheld	uphold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	damaged	damage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
18	during	during	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	rebellion	rebellion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	subjects	subject	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	31	advmod	_	_
30	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	mended	mend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	amod	_	_
34	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | this story |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **uphold** | past | the pillars | the sky |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **damage** | past · passive |  | the heavens  one of the pillars |  |  | during a rebellion |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **raise** | participle |  | a rebellion *not said here* |  |  |  | by one of story's subjects | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by one=Destination |
| 5 | **mend** | past | story | the broken parts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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