---
title: Now the Empress had seen all of this through the palace window, and… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the Empress had seen all of this through the palace window, and she could not help admiring the dexterity of the ambitious Oku, so she divided the leadership of the front army between them, making Oku commander of the left wing and Haki of the right. Who acts: Empress. A sentence of «The Jade St
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 86

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Now the Empress had seen all of this through the palace window, and she could not help admiring the dexterity of the ambitious Oku, so she divided the leadership of the front army between them, making Oku commander of the left wing and Haki of the right.

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**Who acts:** Empress · **What happens:** see, not help, admire, divide, make · **To what, where:** all, palace window, dexterity, leadership, Oku commander

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Empress), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:19:87
# text = Now the Empress had seen all of this through the palace window, and she could not help admiring the dexterity of the ambitious Oku, so she divided the leadership of the front army between them, making Oku commander of the left wing and Haki of the right.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Empress	Empress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nmod	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
19	admiring	admire	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	xcomp	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	dexterity	dexterity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	ambitious	ambitious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	Oku	Oku	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	so	so	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
28	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	divided	divide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	leadership	leadership	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
36	between	between	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
39	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	29	advcl	_	_
40	Oku	Oku	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	compound	_	_
41	commander	commander	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	left	left	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	wing	wing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
47	Haki	Haki	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	conj	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · perfect | the Empress | all of this |  | the palace window | now |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer all=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **help** | could | EMPRESS |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **admire** *not said to happen* | gerund | EMPRESS *not said here* | the dexterity of the ambitious Oku |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dexterity=Stimulus |
| 4 | **divide** | past | EMPRESS | the leadership of the front army between Haki |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leadership=Theme |
| 5 | **make** | gerund | EMPRESS *not said here* | Oku commander of the left wing and Haki of the right |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset commander=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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