---
title: The poor Emperor lay all alone in his great bed, and as everyone bel… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: The poor Emperor lay all alone in his great bed, and as everyone believed him to be dead the courtiers left him to pay their respects to the new ruler. Who acts: poor Emperor, everyone, dead courtiers. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Openin
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/2/9/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jade Story Book; Stories from the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/) / [Opening, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/2/) / 9

# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 2, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The poor Emperor lay all alone in his great bed, and as everyone believed him to be dead the courtiers left him to pay their respects to the new ruler.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** poor Emperor, everyone, dead courtiers · **What happens:** lie, believe, be, leave, pay · **To what, where:** great bed, Emperor, respects · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor Emperor, everyone, dead courtiers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:2:9
# text = The poor Emperor lay all alone in his great bed, and as everyone believed him to be dead the courtiers left him to pay their respects to the new ruler.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Emperor	Emperor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	15	nsubj	_	_
15	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	cop	_	_
19	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	courtiers	courtier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
22	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	respects	respects	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | the poor Emperor |  |  | Emperor's great bed |  | alone *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in bed=Location |
| 2 | **believe** | past | everyone | Emperor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **leave** | past | the dead courtiers | Emperor |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 5 | **pay** | to-infinitive | the dead courtiers *not said here* | courtiers's respects |  |  |  | to the new ruler | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent respects=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/2/8/)
- next →: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/2/10/)
- ↑ back to [Opening, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/2/)