---
title: Although they had never yet seen one another they had transacted muc… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Although they had never yet seen one another they had transacted much business together by means of messengers, who passed frequently between them. Who acts: MERCHANTS, messengers. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 2, with its d
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 2, sentence 91

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Although they had never yet seen one another they had transacted much business together by means of messengers, who passed frequently between them.

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**Who acts:** MERCHANTS, messengers · **What happens:** not see, transact, mean, pass · **To what, where:** one, much business

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (MERCHANTS, messengers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:2:93
# text = Although they had never yet seen one another they had transacted much business together by means of messengers, who passed frequently between them.
1	Although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	nsubj	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	obj	_	_
8	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	fixed	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	transacted	transact	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	together	together	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	obl	_	_
16	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl	_	_
22	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	between	between	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **see** | past · perfect | MERCHANTS *= merchant* | one |  |  | yet |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
| 2 | **transact** | past · perfect | MERCHANTS *= merchant* | much business |  |  |  | together *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of messengers | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pass** | past | messengers |  |  |  |  | between MERCHANTS *= merchant*; frequently *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme between they=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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