---
title: Haki and Oku were chosen by the Empress to be her messengers to the… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Haki and Oku were chosen by the Empress to be her messengers to the sun and moon to tell them that the roads were now perfectly safe. Who acts: Empress, roads. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 20, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 20, sentence 38

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Haki and Oku were chosen by the Empress to be her messengers to the sun and moon to tell them that the roads were now perfectly safe.

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**Who acts:** Empress, roads · **What happens:** choose, be, tell · **To what, where:** Haki, messengers · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Empress, roads), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:20:38
# text = Haki and Oku were chosen by the Empress to be her messengers to the sun and moon to tell them that the roads were now perfectly safe.
1	Haki	Haki	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Oku	Oku	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Empress	empress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
11	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	advcl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	iobj	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
25	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	advmod	_	_
26	perfectly	perfectly	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | past · passive | the Empress | Haki and Oku |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | the Empress *not said here* | Empress's messengers |  |  |  | to the sun and moon; Empress *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  | Haki |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 4 | **is** | past | the roads |  |  |  | now | perfectly, safe *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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