---
title: Seeing this, the youngest Princess, who was the only one who could r… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Seeing this, the youngest Princess, who was the only one who could run, fled to her father, the king, in a great fright, saying: Who acts: youngest Princess, only one. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 21, with its dependency tr
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 21, sentence 32

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Seeing this, the youngest Princess, who was the only one who could run, fled to her father, the king, in a great fright, saying:

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**Who acts:** youngest Princess, only one · **What happens:** see, be, run, flee, say · **To what, where:** this, only one · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youngest Princess, only one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:21:32
# text = Seeing this, the youngest Princess, who was the only one who could run, fled to her father, the king, in a great fright, saying:
1	Seeing	see	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	youngest	young	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
17	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	fright	fright	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | gerund | the youngest Princess *not said here* | this |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the youngest Princess | the only one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **run** | could | the only one |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **flee** | past | the youngest Princess |  |  |  |  | to Princess's father; a great fright *conj* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to father=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the youngest Princess *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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