---
title: After awhile, Sarkap, seeing Rajah Rasalu was winning, called to his… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: After awhile, Sarkap, seeing Rajah Rasalu was winning, called to his rat, but when Dhol Rajah saw the kitten he was afraid, and would not go farther. Who acts: Sarkap, Rajah, Dhol. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 21, with its 
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 21, sentence 73

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After awhile, Sarkap, seeing Rajah Rasalu was winning, called to his rat, but when Dhol Rajah saw the kitten he was afraid, and would not go farther.

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**Who acts:** Sarkap, Rajah, Dhol · **What happens:** see, win, call, be, not go · **To what, where:** rat, kitten · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sarkap, Rajah, Dhol), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:21:73
# text = After awhile, Sarkap, seeing Rajah Rasalu was winning, called to his rat, but when Dhol Rajah saw the kitten he was afraid, and would not go farther.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	awhile	awhile	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Sarkap	Sarkap	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	seeing	see	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	Rajah	Rajah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	Rasalu	Rasalu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	winning	win	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	parataxis	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	rat	rat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
18	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
19	Dhol	Dhol	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	Rajah	Rajah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	_
21	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	kitten	kitten	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
30	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
31	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
32	farther	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | gerund | Sarkap *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **win** | past · progressive | Rajah |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **call** | participle |  |  | Rajah's rat |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to rat=Recipient |
| 4 | **see** | past | Dhol | the kitten |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer kitten=Stimulus |
| 5 | **is** | past | Dhol |  |  |  |  | afraid *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **not** **go** | would | Dhol *not said here* |  |  |  |  | far *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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