---
title: On the way he met a friend who was more cunning than Juan, and when… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: On the way he met a friend who was more cunning than Juan, and when he heard of the boy’s rich goat he decided to rob him. Who acts: JUAN, friend. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 22, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 22, sentence 38

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On the way he met a friend who was more cunning than Juan, and when he heard of the boy’s rich goat he decided to rob him.

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**Who acts:** JUAN, friend · **What happens:** meet, be, hear, decide, rob · **To what, where:** friend, way, cunning, JUAN

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (JUAN, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:22:39
# text = On the way he met a friend who was more cunning than Juan, and when he heard of the boy’s rich goat he decided to rob him.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	met	meet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	11	advmod	_	_
11	cunning	cunning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Juan	Juan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	’s	's	PART	POS	_	21	case	_	_
23	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	goat	goat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	rob	rob	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | past | JUAN | a friend |  | the way |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | a friend | cunning |  |  |  | than Juan | tree rules |
| 3 | **hear** | past | JUAN |  |  |  |  | of the boy's rich goat | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of goat=Stimulus |
| 4 | **decide** | past | JUAN |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **rob** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | JUAN *not said here* | JUAN |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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