---
title: There is a fine rain-storm out at sea!” they said to each other. — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: There is a fine rain-storm out at sea!” they said to each other. Who acts: fine rain storm, people. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 23, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 23, sentence 39

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There is a fine rain-storm out at sea!” they said to each other.

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**Who acts:** fine rain storm, people · **What happens:** be, say · **To what, where:** each · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fine rain storm, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:23:39
# text = There is a fine rain-storm out at sea!” they said to each other.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	14	obl	_	_
17	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a fine rain storm at sea |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | people |  | each |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to each=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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