---
title: Balatama was young but he was strong and brave, and when the arms of… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: Balatama was young but he was strong and brave, and when the arms of his father were given him to wear on the long journey his heart swelled with pride. Who acts: Balatama, heart. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24, with its d
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 24, sentence 42

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Balatama was young but he was strong and brave, and when the arms of his father were given him to wear on the long journey his heart swelled with pride.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Balatama, heart · **What happens:** be, give, wear, swell · **To what, where:** arms, long journey

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Balatama, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:24:44
# text = Balatama was young but he was strong and brave, and when the arms of his father were given him to wear on the long journey his heart swelled with pride.
1	Balatama	Balatama	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	19	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	swelled	swell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	acl:relcl	_	_
30	with	with	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	pride	pride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Balatama |  |  |  |  | young *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | Balatama |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | Balatama *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** | past · passive |  | the arms of Balatama's father |  |  |  | Balatama *obj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient he=Theme |
| 5 | **wear** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the long journey |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **swell** | past | Balatama's heart | the long journey *not said here* |  |  |  | with pride | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient journey=Extent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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