---
title: It was not long after this, however, before Balatama had made known… — The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient · tree and pragmatics
description: It was not long after this, however, before Balatama had made known his errand to the Sultan, and that monarch, turning to his courtiers, said: Who acts: distance, Balatama, monarch. A sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24, with it
---

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# The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 24, sentence 56

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was not long after this, however, before Balatama had made known his errand to the Sultan, and that monarch, turning to his courtiers, said:

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**Who acts:** distance, Balatama, monarch · **What happens:** not be, make, know, turn, say · **To what, where:** monarch, errand, courtiers · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (distance, Balatama, monarch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg65965:24:58
# text = It was not long after this, however, before Balatama had made known his errand to the Sultan, and that monarch, turning to his courtiers, said:
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	30	parataxis	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	however	however	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	Balatama	Balatama	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
14	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	xcomp	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	errand	errand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	monarch	monarch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	parataxis	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	courtiers	courtier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
30	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | past | distance |  |  |  | after this | long *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past · perfect | Balatama | that monarch |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **know** | participle | that monarch *not said here* | Balatama's errand |  |  |  | to the Sultan | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer errand=Stimulus |
| 4 | **turn** | gerund |  |  |  | Balatama's courtiers |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to courtier=Trajectory |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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